Dados do Trabalho

Título

STUDY OF FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE LEVEL OF AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER IN A CLINICAL SAMPLE

Introdução

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous Neurodevelopmental Disorder that causes an impairment of social communication and repetitive behaviors. It can be divided into levels 1 to 3, depending the level of support required. Language and Cognitive Development are the most determining factors to ASD level. However, others situations can interfere with the level of ASD, such as perinatal risk factors, gender, delay or language regression, self-injury, neurological conditions and psychiatric behaviors.

Objetivo

To analyze how these factors can be related to the ASD.

Métodos

This is a cross-sectional analytical observational study of 470 individuals aged 1 to 18 years diagnosed with ASD in outpatient follow-up.

Resultados

There was a predominance of males in a 4:1 ratio and ASD level 1 in 46% of the sample. There was no association between gender and level of commitment. Among perinatal risk factors, prematurity was the most frequent and is associated with ASD level 3, with a prevalence 2.6 times higher than in the rest of the sample. 12% presented language regression and 70% language delay, being more frequent in levels 2 and 3. Selinjury behaviors was present in 11% of the sample, being more common also in ASD level 3. Betwen the psychiatric disorders symptoms, the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder were more frequent in ASD level 1, as well as depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. There was no correlation betwen anxiety symptoms end ASD level. Sleep Disorders were reported in 15% of the sample, with no relation to ASD level. Apraxia of Speech was more common in patients with ASD level 3. Epilepsy was present in 5% of the sample, with a prevalence 5 times higher in ASD level 3 and the presence of an abnormal Electroencephalogram, with or without Epilepsy had a prevalence 1.9 times higher in ASD level 3.

Conclusões

ASD is a heterogeneous disorder and specific factors can interfere with its level of impairment and life quality of these individuals.

Palavras chave

Autism Spectrum Disorder and comorbidities; risk factors in Autism Spectrum Disorder; levels of Autism Spectrum Disorder;

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